PFO and atrial septal defects
Before birth, there is a natural opening between the two upper chambers of the heart. In about one in four adults a small flap-like gap remains, called a patent foramen ovale (PFO). An atrial septal defect (ASD) is a true hole in the wall between the chambers. Most cause no problems, but in some people they are linked to stroke, or an ASD can strain the right side of the heart.
1What you might notice
- Often none; found during tests after a stroke or TIA
- With a larger ASD: breathlessness, tiredness or palpitations
- Some people are referred after a "bubble" echocardiogram
2Tests that help
- Echocardiogram with bubble study
Shows whether blood passes between the upper chambers.
- Transoesophageal echocardiogram
A closer ultrasound view from the food pipe, done under sedation, to measure the opening.
3Treatment options
- PFO or ASD device closure
A folding device placed through a vein in the leg seals the opening from both sides, usually as a day or overnight procedure.
- Medicines
For some people, a blood-thinning tablet is the right choice instead. Decisions after a stroke are made together with your neurologist.
Seeing Dr Ramzy about this
Ask your GP for a referral to Dr John Ramzy, then request an appointment at Heidelberg, Knox or by telehealth. All new referrals are offered an appointment within two weeks, usually sooner.